Astronomy Ch.8 (The family of stars) Crossword
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Down:
1) dying star at the lower left of the HR diagram that has collapsed to the size of Earth and is slowly cooling off 2) a category of stars of similar luminosity, determined by the widths of lines in their spectra 4) a binary star system in which the two stars are separately visible in the telescope 5) a plot of the intrinsic brightness versus the surface temperature of stars. it separates the effects of temperature and surface area on stellar luminosity and is commonly plotted as absolute magnitude versus spectral type but also as luminosity versus surface temperature or color 7) exceptionally luminous star whose diameter is 10 to 1000 times that of the sun 9) the distance to a hypothetical star whose parallax is 1 second of arc. 1 PC = 206,265 AU = 3.26 ly10) pairs of stars that orbit around their common center of mass14) a very cool, low-mass star or brown dwarf located below the L stars on the main sequence 18) a faint, cool, low-mass, main-sequence star 19) the region of the HR diagram running from upper left to lower right, which includes roughly 90% of all stars 24) large, cool, highly luminous star in the upper right of the HR diagram. typically 10 to 100 times the diameter of the sun |
Across:
3) the total amount of energy a star radiates in 1 second6) a binary star system in which the stars eclipse each other 8) a star's position in the temperature classification system, O, B, A, F, G, K, M, based on the appearance of the star's spectrum 11) a star system in which the stars are too close together to be visible separately. we see a single point of light. only in a spectrum can the two stars be detected 12) a graph of brightness versus time commonly used in analyzing variable stars and eclipsing binaries 13) the mathematical formula that relates the apparent magnitude and absolute magnitude of a star to its distance 15) a main-sequence star cooler than an M star16) a star whose mass is too low to ignite nuclear fusion and that is heated by contraction 17) the true brighness of an object independent of its distance. also referred to as "luminosity" 20) a measure of the flow of energy through a surface. usually applied to light 21) intrinsic brightness of a star. the apparent visual magnitude the star would have if it were 10 pc away22) a measure of stellar distance23) the arrangement of spectral classes (OBAFGKM) ranging from hot to cool25) the method of determining a star's distance by comparing its apparent magnitude with its absolute magnitude as estimated from its spectrum 26) a group of stars that formed together and orbit a common center of mass 27) the more massive a star is, the more luminous it is |
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